LLM Inference Observatory

vLLM performance · reliability · scheduler · cache · H200 GPU telemetry

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01 · Top-line Summary

Service at a glance

Core availability, scheduler efficiency, active demand, user response speed and KV Cache preemption risk.

Success Rate NORMAL
99.84%
↑ +0.18% compared with prior period

Successful requests are only normal completions where finished_reason="stop".

Active Requests LIVE
64requests
↑ +8.4% traffic volume

Current work in the serving engine: requests in Running plus Waiting states.

System Efficiency NORMAL
89%

Running / (Running + Waiting). Below 70% indicates scheduler overload and queue pressure.

TTFT P99 HEALTHY
0.86sec
↓ -6.2% faster first-token delivery

99th percentile Time To First Token. The user-facing initial-response speed target is under 1 second.

Preemption Rate CRITICAL
0.19%

Running requests halted due to insufficient KV Cache. Any non-zero value should be investigated immediately.

02 · Latency & User Experience

End-to-end latency and inference behavior

Separate request tail latency from prefill and decode bottlenecks to identify the correct scaling or optimization action.

E2E Request Latency

Total time from request acceptance until response completion. P99 spikes warrant bottleneck analysis.

P99 WATCH
Latency Percentile Summary

Current E2E latency distribution for active inference traffic.

P50 request latency728 ms
P95 request latency1,260 ms
P99 request latency1,670 ms

If P50 remains stable while P99 rises, investigate queue contention, unusually long prompts, cache pressure, retries and load imbalance.

Inference Stage Breakdown

Prefill is input processing. Decode is output-token generation.

TTFT vs TPOT

High TTFT points to a Prefill bottleneck. High TPOT points to a Decode bottleneck.

03 · Token Throughput & Workload

Token flow, cache savings and prompt distribution

Measure workload shape to understand whether your serving fleet behaves like a RAG, summarization or long-form generation system.

Token Throughput

Prompt input tokens and generated output tokens processed per second.

Token I/O Ratio RAG-LIKE
1.92input : output

Higher values indicate long prompts with short outputs, typical of RAG and context-heavy workflows.

Prefix Cache Savings EFFICIENT
55%

Saved Prefill work: (1 − actual computations / total input computations) × 100.

Request Length Heatmap · Prompt Tokens

Darker ranges represent higher request counts at that prompt-token length.

0 tokens 12,288+ tokens
Request Queue Time

Time requests spend waiting for scheduler and GPU execution capacity.

SCALE WATCH
04 · Engine Internal & Cache

KV Cache capacity and scheduler state

Early capacity signals that help prevent queue growth, swapping and disruptive request preemption.

GPU KV Cache Usage WARNING
84%

Warning above 80%; preemption risk becomes critical when KV Cache use exceeds 95%.

Prefix Cache Hit Rate EFFICIENT
78%

Hit rate for reusing system prompts, shared few-shot examples and common request prefixes.

Running Requests GPU ACTIVE
56requests

Requests actively being processed by the GPU inference engine.

Waiting Requests QUEUE
7requests

Requests waiting in the scheduler queue for GPU capacity and token-generation slots.

Scheduler State

Running requests infer on GPU; Waiting requests queue; Swapped requests move to memory.

Running56
Waiting7
Swapped2
GPU Cache and Process Pressure

KV Cache usage and process RSS memory trends over the selected time range.

05 · System Health & Reliability

Memory behavior and request outcomes

Use these panels to detect Python memory pressure, abnormal completion patterns and request failures.

Python GC & Memory

Frequent Python GC and continuously rising RSS can indicate memory leaks or process pressure.

Finish Reason Distribution

stop is normal EOS; length reached maximum output tokens; abort means a terminated request.

Throughput vs Success

Total requests should closely track successful stop-completed requests. A persistent gap represents failures or abnormal exits.

06 · Infrastructure & Load Balancing

Instance distribution and H200 DCGM telemetry

Validate load-balancer fairness and observe raw GPU utilization and framebuffer allocation across the serving fleet.

Instance Request Distribution · Load Balancer

Live request assignment by serving instance. A skew can create an avoidable bottleneck.

H200 GPU Utilization · DCGM

Raw GPU compute saturation from DCGM telemetry across the active H200 devices.

H200 VRAM Allocation · DCGM_FI_DEV_FB_USED

Framebuffer memory actively consumed by each H200 GPU. Higher VRAM allocation increases KV Cache pressure.

GPU Device Serving Instance DCGM_FI_DEV_FB_USED VRAM Allocation Capacity Signal